Those living in poverty have more difficulties preparing for disasters, do not have the resources to evacuate, and live in lower quality housing that is less able to withstand a disaster. In addition, a child’s experience in a disaster could also be affected by language, type of housing, immigration status, legal status, and disability issues. Girls, for example, are at risk to sexual violence and exploitation in some disaster aftermath situations. In other words, age intersects with many other factors. Social location-such as social class, race, gender, neighborhood, resources, and networks-prior to a disaster often determines, at least in part, many of the children’s post-disaster outcomes. In the disaster aftermath, it has been found that children and youth-no matter how personally resilient-cannot fully recover without the necessary resources and social support. Children also may hide or have trouble articulating their distress to adults after a disaster. Children do not have the resources or independence to prepare for disasters, so they are often reliant on adults to make evacuation decisions, secure shelter, and provide resources. In disaster planning, there is often an assumption that parents will protect their children in a disaster event, and yet children are often separated from their parents when they are at school, childcare centers, home alone, with friends, and at work. Many are at risk to separation from guardians, long-term displacement, injury, illness, and even death. In a disaster, many children and youth experience simultaneous and ongoing disruptions in their families, schooling, housing, health and access to healthcare, friendships, and other key areas of their lives. While children and youth in industrialized countries are experiencing increased risks, the children and youth in developing countries are the most at risk to disasters.Ĭhildren and youth are vulnerable before, during, and after a disaster. Children are more likely to live in risky places, such as floodplains, coastal areas, and earthquake zones, and more likely to be poor than other groups of people. Children and youth are greatly affected by disasters, and as climate instability leads to more weather-related disasters, the risks to the youngest members of societies will continue to increase.
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